The Foundation Health Measures component of the Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Final Review includes data on 14 global summary measures used to monitor improvement in population health. See Technical Notes of the Foundation Health Measures in the HP2020 Final Review for additional information on the definition and construction of these measures included.

[1] Status is determined using the baseline, final, and target value. The statuses used in Healthy People 2020 were:

1 - Target met or exceeded—One of the following applies: (i) At baseline, the target was not met or exceeded, and the most recent value was equal to or exceeded the target. (The percentage of targeted change achieved was equal to or greater than 100%.); (ii) The baseline and most recent values were equal to or exceeded the target. (The percentage of targeted change achieved was not assessed.)

2 - Improved—One of the following applies: (i) Movement was toward the target, standard errors were available, and the percentage of targeted change achieved was statistically significant; (ii) Movement was toward the target, standard errors were not available, and the objective had achieved 10% or more of the targeted change.

3 - Little or no detectable change—One of the following applies: (i) Movement was toward the target, standard errors were available, and the percentage of targeted change achieved was not statistically significant; (ii) Movement was toward the target, standard errors were not available, and the objective had achieved less than 10% of the targeted change; (iii) Movement was away from the baseline and target, standard errors were available, and the percent change relative to the baseline was not statistically significant; (iv) Movement was away from the baseline and target, standard errors were not available, and the objective had moved less than 10% relative to the baseline; (v) No change was observed between the baseline and the final data point.

4 - Got worse—One of the following applies: (i) Movement was away from the baseline and target, standard errors were available, and the percent change relative to the baseline was statistically significant; (ii) Movement was away from the baseline and target, standard errors were not available, and the objective had moved 10% or more relative to the baseline.

5 - Baseline only—The objective only had one data point, so progress toward target attainment could not be assessed. Note that if additional data points did not meet the criteria for statistical reliability, data quality, or confidentiality, the objective was categorized as baseline only.

6 - Informational—A target was not set for this objective, so progress toward target attainment could not be assessed.

[2] The final value is generally based on data available on the Healthy People 2020 website as of January 2020. For objectives that are continuing into Healthy People 2030, more recent data are available on the Healthy People 2030 website: https://health.gov/healthypeople.

[3] For objectives that moved toward their targets, movement toward the target was measured as the percentage of targeted change achieved (unless the target was already met or exceeded at baseline):

Percentage of targeted change achieved = (Final value - Baseline value) / (HP2020 target - Baseline value) * 100

[4] For objectives that were not improving, did not meet or exceed their targets, and did not move towards their targets, movement away from the baseline was measured as the magnitude of the percent change from baseline:

Magnitude of percent change from baseline = |Final value - Baseline value| / Baseline value * 100

[5] Statistical significance was tested when the objective had a target, at least two data points (of unequal value), and available standard errors of the data. A normal distribution was assumed. All available digits were used to test statistical significance. Statistical significance of the percentage of targeted change achieved or the magnitude of the percentage change from baseline was assessed at the 0.05 level using a normal one-sided test.

[6] For more information on the Healthy People 2020 methodology for measuring progress toward target attainment and the elimination of health disparities, see: Healthy People Statistical Notes, no 27; available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/sta

[1] The Progress by Population Group analysis is a component of the Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Final Review. The analysis included subsets of the 1,111 measurable HP2020 objectives that have data available for any of six broad population characteristics: sex, race and ethnicity, educational attainment, family income, disability status, and geographic location. Progress toward meeting HP2020 targets is presented for up to 24 population groups within these characteristics, based on objective data aggregated across HP2020 topic areas. The Progress by Population Group data are also available at the individual objective level in the downloadable data set.
[2] The final value was generally based on data available on the HP2020 website as of January 2020. For objectives that are continuing into HP2030, more recent data will be included on the HP2030 website as it becomes available: https://health.gov/healthypeople.
[3] For more information on the HP2020 methodology for measuring progress toward target attainment and the elimination of health disparities, see: Healthy People Statistical Notes, no 27; available from: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/statnt/statnt27.pdf.
[4] Status for objectives included in the HP2020 Progress by Population Group analysis was determined using the baseline, final, and target value. The progress status categories used in HP2020 were:

a. Target met or exceeded—One of the following applies: (i) At baseline, the target was not met or exceeded, and the most recent value was equal to or exceeded the target (the percentage of targeted change achieved was equal to or greater than 100%); (ii) The baseline and most recent values were equal to or exceeded the target (the percentage of targeted change achieved was not assessed).

b. Improved—One of the following applies: (i) Movement was toward the target, standard errors were available, and the percentage of targeted change achieved was statistically significant; (ii) Movement was toward the target, standard errors were not available, and the objective had achieved 10% or more of the targeted change.

c. Little or no detectable change—One of the following applies: (i) Movement was toward the target, standard errors were available, and the percentage of targeted change achieved was not statistically significant; (ii) Movement was toward the target, standard errors were not available, and the objective had achieved less than 10% of the targeted change; (iii) Movement was away from the baseline and target, standard errors were available, and the percent change relative to the baseline was not statistically significant; (iv) Movement was away from the baseline and target, standard errors were not available, and the objective had moved less than 10% relative to the baseline; (v) No change was observed between the baseline and the final data point.

d. Got worse—One of the following applies: (i) Movement was away from the baseline and target, standard errors were available, and the percent change relative to the baseline was statistically significant; (ii) Movement was away from the baseline and target, standard errors were not available, and the objective had moved 10% or more relative to the baseline.

NOTE: Measurable objectives had baseline data.
SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, Healthy People 2020 Progress by Population Group database.

The Overview of Health Disparities analysis is a component of the Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Final Review. The analysis included 611 objectives in HP2020. This file contains summary level information used for the evaluation of changes in disparities during HP2020, including calculations for the disparities measures and the disparities change categories for all objectives and population characteristics in the analysis. See Technical Notes for the Healthy People 2020 Overview of Health Disparities (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020/health-disparities-technical-notes.htm) for additional information and criteria for objectives, data years, and population characteristics included in the analysis and statistical formulas and definitions for the disparities measures.

Data for additional years during the HP2020 tracking period that are not included in the Overview of Health Disparities are available on the HP2020 website (https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/).

Note that “rate” as used may refer to a statistical rate expressed per unit population or a proportion, depending on how the HP2020 objective was defined.

The Overview of Health Disparities analysis is a component of the Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Final Review. The analysis included 611 objectives in HP2020. See Technical Notes for the Healthy People 2020 Overview of Health Disparities (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020/health-disparities.htm) for additional information and criteria for objectives, data years, and population characteristics included in the analysis and statistical formulas and definitions for the disparities measures.

This file contains estimates and standard errors for the baseline and final years for individual population groups used in the Overview of Health Disparities analysis. The number and definitions of population groups varied across the HP2020 objectives and data sources used. These population groups are shown in the disparities file as originally reported by the data source, rather than the harmonized categories that were used for the HP2020 Progress by Population Group analysis (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020/population-groups.htm). Additionally, for any given objective, the baseline and final years used for the disparities analysis do not necessarily correspond to the baseline and final years used to evaluate progress toward target attainment in the HP2020 Final Review Progress Table (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020/progress-tables.htm) and Progress by Population Group analysis (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/healthy_people/hp2020/population-groups.htm). These distinctions should be considered when merging the downloadable Progress Table or Progress by Population Group data files with the Overview of Health Disparities data files, or when integrative analyses that incorporate both disparities and progress data are conducted.

Data for additional years during the HP2020 tracking period that are not included in the Overview of Health Disparities are available on the HP2020 website (https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/).

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Healthy People 2020 Tobacco Use Objectives. Healthy People 2020. Healthy People 2020 provides a framework for action to reduce tobacco use to the point that it is no longer a public health problem for the Nation. This dataset includes information related to the Healthy People 2020 Tobacco Use objectives, operational definitions, baselines, and targets. Baseline years may vary by objective. Targets represented correspond to the year 2020.